中尺度海-气相互作用对台风暴雨过程的影响研究   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

黄立文  吴国雄  宇如聪 《气象学报》2005,63(4):455-467

利用中尺度海-气耦合模式MCM对两个典型台风过程进行了数值模拟试验,定量地分析了海-气相互作用对台风暴雨的影响,并探讨了这一影响的物理机制。结果表明,模式MCM能成功模拟台风的路径、强度以及台风暴雨的落时、落区。考虑海-气相互作用能使台风中心气压48和72 h分别回升9.9和3.5 hPa,使后续时段的台风对流性降水减小40~100 mm,还明显改变了非对流性降水分布。耦合与非耦合试验对比分析初步表明,海-气相互作用影响台风暴雨的机制是一种通过台风大风区附近海平面温度(SST)下降来调节的负反馈机制。  相似文献   

"2003.6.17"滇中特大暴雨的中尺度分析   总被引：2，自引：7，他引：2  

何萍  李宏波  何德锋 《高原气象》2005,24(2):240-246

结合大尺度环流的高通滤波、卫星云图和雷达回波诊断，用Shuman—Shapiro中尺度滤波方法，对2003年6月17日云南中部的楚雄市至南华县一带发生的特大暴雨过程进行了中尺度分析。结果表明，这次过程是热带中尺度气旋东南移并发展造成的；地面强冷空气侵入中尺度低压导致对流发展，是热带中尺度气旋加强的原因；大尺度环流下，孟加拉湾、南海和北部湾形成的两条水汽输送带通过热带低压，为强对流的发展和维持提供了能源保障；地面中尺度低压中心和与之配置的切变线北侧对特大暴雨落区有较好的指示。  相似文献   

The Uncertainty of Mesoscale Numerical Prediction of Heavy Rain in South China and the Ensemble Simulations     

陈静  薛纪善  颜宏 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2005,19(1):1-18

1. IntroductionHeavy rain is a kind of severe natural calamitythat influences South China. After decades of years oftests and theoretical exploration by Chinese scientists,significant progresses have been achieved in its predic-tion and basic theoretical studies (Huang, 1986; Xue,1999; Zhou et al., 2003). Currently, the mesoscale nu-merical model has already been employed as one of themajor tools in the prediction and research on heavyrain in South China, promoting considerably the ac-curac…  相似文献   

Temporal Variability of Iron Speciation in Coastal Rainwater     

Joan D. Willey  Robert J. Kieber  Kelly H. Williams  Jamie S. Crozier  Stephen A. Skrabal  G. Brooks Avery Jr. 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2000,37(2):185-205

Iron occurs in rain as particulateand dissolved Fe and includes both Fe(II) and Fe(III)species. Model calculations and correlation analysisindicate Fe(II)(aq) occurs almost exclusively as thefree ion whereas Fe(III)(aq) occurs as both ironoxalate and Fe(OH)₂ ⁺(aq) with largevariations over the pH range from 4.0 to 5.0. Complexation with humic-like compounds may also beimportant for Fe(III)(aq); however, the concentrationand structural characteristics of these compounds haveyet to be determined. 112 rain samples were collectedfor iron analysis in Wilmington, North Carolina,between 1 July 1997, and 30 June 1999. Total iron,particulate iron and Fe(III)(aq) were higher inconcentration in summer and spring rain relative towinter and autumn rain. Fe(II)(aq) concentrations, incontrast, did not vary seasonally. Particulate iron,which was approximately half the total rainwater iron,was highest between noon and 6 p.m. (EST), probably dueto more intense regional convection including land-seabreezes during that time. The ratio ofFe(II)(aq)/Fe(III)(aq) was also highest in rainreceived between noon and 6 p.m., which most likelyreflects photochemical reduction of Fe(III)(aq)complexes to form Fe(II)(aq). A conceptual modeldepicting the interplay between iron species, lightintensity and organic ligands in rainwater ispresented.  相似文献   

THE BEIJING AREA MESOSCALE NWP SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

WANG Yingchun  WANG Jianjie  CUI Bo  LU Duanjun  YU Wei  GUO Xiaorong  CHEN Dehui 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,14(2):233-246

Significant progress has been made on the development of mesoscale numerical weather prediction(NWP)system for Beijing area,as a joint project of the National Meteorological Center(NMC)andthe Beijing Meteorological Bureau(BMB).On the basis of the non-hydrostatic mesoscale model PSU/NCAR MM5,a mesoscale NWP system for Beijing area(BJ-MM5V.1)has been developed on thecomputer IBM/SP2 MPP with 24 nodes at NMC.As a two-way nested grid model two grids arechosen with 45 and 15km grid length respectively,and 23 levels in the vertical.It takes 2 hours and20 minutes to make a 36h forecast,which satisfies the time requirement for the operational use.Inaddition to the routine data received from GTS at NMC,the enhanced observations over Beijingregion are used for the objective analyses.This system was put into semi-operational use during thesummer of 1997 to test its performance.The forecast products,hourly rainfalls and all of themeteorological elements needed,are provided to the forecasters at BMB for use.It is identified fromthe test results that the system is robust and has pretty good ability to forecast the spatial andtemporal distribution of the precipitation for the local heavy rainfalls.  相似文献   

宁夏暴雨动力相似过滤预报系统   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

赵光平  施新民  丁永红 《气象》2000,26(7):32-35

通过对北京ＨＬＡＦＳ暴雨模式产品中诸多物理量场与历史个例进行动力过程相检验,在较全面地掌握预报对象的三维空间物理结构和动力过程前提下,通过渗入有明确天气学意义,并对宁夏暴雨有实际预报能力的综合指标和模型,在天气系统自动识别技术的支持下,应用螺旋度修正方案,建立自动、客观化的暴雨落区预报系统。  相似文献   

长江上游暴雨对1998年长江洪峰影响的分析   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

郁淑华 《气象》2000,26(1):56-57

通过对１９９８ 年长江上游四川境内暴雨、雨量水文资料、卫星云图等分析,归纳出了１９９８ 年长江上游暴雨的基本特点,认识到长江上游暴雨、高原天气系统与四川云团的活动对１９９８ 年长江洪峰的形成有直接影响。  相似文献   

一次世界罕见特大暴雨的成因初探     

吕东周  孟明霞  刘天民  吕明 《气象》2000,26(4):55-57

通过对当时的高空、地面天气形势和主要影响系统的跟踪分析 ,结合商洛地区流场、单站气象要素演变曲线 ,以及每小时一次的 GMS- 5卫星云图演变实况 ,参考地形特征 ,初步找出了 1998年 7月 9日商洛特大暴雨的形成原因。  相似文献   

滇中暴雨的湿位涡诊断分析   总被引：50，自引：21，他引：29  

段旭  李英 《高原气象》2000,19(2):253-259

应用湿位涡理论,对１９９８年６月滇中地区罕见的６场暴雨过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明：θｅ面陡立且南侧暖湿气流活跃,易导致湿斜压涡度发展,形成θｅ陡峭密集区,密集区内暴雨容易发生;湿空气对流活动层仅能达到５００ｈＰａ至６００ｈＰａ之间,若对流层低层ＭＰＶ１〈０,同时ＭＰＶ２〉０,易产生暴雨。  相似文献   

长江上游区域性暴雨发生前的中尺度特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

陈忠明  缪强 《气象》2000,26(10):15-18

通过对长江上游 1 2次区域性暴雨发生前数小时至十余小时的探测资料进行合成分析 ,揭示了该区域暴雨天气发生前的流场、能量场、水汽场和动力场的中尺度特征。对提高该区域暴雨天气预报质量和长江流域防洪具有积极意义。  相似文献